Migrating Off Retired GPT Models in 2026: A Working Checklist

Last updated: October 18, 2026

What Changed on October 18, 2026#

• GPT-5.1 and newer now have shutdown dates. Earlier versions of this guide said base models from gpt-5.1 up had no deadline. That is no longer true. On October 1, 2026, OpenAI's deprecations page added an April 1, 2027 shutdown for gpt-5.1 and gpt-5.3-codex (replacement gpt-6-sol) and gpt-5.4-nano (replacement gpt-6-luna). The other GPT-5.2 to 5.5 base models still have no date as of today.
• The remaining GPT-4o and GPT-4.1 snapshots retire January 14, 2027. On October 14, OpenAI scheduled gpt-4o-2024-08-06, gpt-4o-2024-11-20, gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18, gpt-4.1-2025-04-14 and gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14 for shutdown, all with gpt-6-luna as the replacement. Fine-tuned versions follow their base model.
• Two more audio waves. tts-1, tts-1-hd and the gpt-4o-mini-tts snapshots shut down January 6, 2027 (replacement gpt-realtime-2.1-mini), and whisper-1, gpt-4o-transcribe, gpt-4o-mini-transcribe and gpt-4o-transcribe-diarize shut down February 26, 2027.
• Azure dates corrected. Microsoft Foundry's retirement schedule now lists gpt-4o 2024-05-13 for December 9, 2026 and 2024-08-06 and 2024-11-20 for April 14, 2027, not the March 31, 2026 date this guide gave before. The Azure section and FAQ below are updated. For every provider's dates in one calendar, see AI model shutdown dates 2026-2027.

What Changed on August 31, 2026#

• Two pricing rows moved since July. GPT-5.6-Sol is now $4 input / $20 output per MTok (cut August 27), undercutting Claude Opus 5 on output. Claude Sonnet 5's $2/$10 rate became permanent on August 15 - the September 1 increase to $3/$15 will not occur. DeepSeek's peak/off-peak policy is in effect since August 16: the off-peak rates in the table below are $0.22/$0.66 for V4 Flash and $0.66/$1.98 for V4 Pro, doubling during peak hours (01:00-04:00 and 06:00-10:00 UTC).

What Changed on July 31, 2026#

• The July 23 shutdown wave has passed. The GPT-5 and 5.1 chat aliases, all Codex variants (including gpt-5.2-codex), and both deep-research models stopped resolving on schedule. If any of those strings are still in your code, requests are already failing.
• The replacement model family is now GPT-5.6. Every recommended replacement on the live page points at gpt-5.6-sol (frontier), gpt-5.6-terra (mid-tier), or gpt-5.6-luna (cheap/fast) - the GPT-5.5 mapping from the original version of this guide is now the previous generation.
• New waves appeared since June. The original GPT-5 snapshots (gpt-5-2025-08-07 and siblings) and the o3 series now have a shutdown date of December 11, 2026, replacing the earlier "base models have no deadline" guidance.
• July 24 retired DeepSeek's legacy names. The cross-provider caveat from the June version is now a live event: deepseek-chat and deepseek-reasoner no longer resolve.

First, Read the Clock Correctly#

OpenAI's deprecations page defines its terms precisely. "Deprecated" takes effect the moment it is announced - the model still works, but the countdown has started. "Shut down" means requests stop resolving. Stated notice: at least 6 months for GA models, 3 months for specialized variants, as little as 2 weeks for previews.

Two things people get wrong:

Newer base models are not exempt. The original GPT-5 snapshots (gpt-5-2025-08-07, gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07, gpt-5-nano-2025-08-07, gpt-5-pro-2025-10-06) shut down December 11, 2026 in favor of the GPT-5.6 family, and as of October 1, 2026, gpt-5.1, gpt-5.3-codex and gpt-5.4-nano shut down April 1, 2027. If you pinned one of those, you now have a deadline; check the deprecations page for any other base model you use.

The dates cluster into waves. August 10, 2026 took the 5.2 and 5.3 chat aliases. October 23 is the big one: GPT-4, gpt-4o-2024-05-13, GPT-3.5 Turbo, o1, o1-pro, o3-mini, and o4-mini. December 11 takes the original GPT-5 snapshots and the o3 series. January 6, 2027 takes the TTS models, January 14 the remaining GPT-4o and GPT-4.1 snapshots, January 20 the legacy audio and realtime families, February 26 the transcription models, and April 1 gpt-5.1, gpt-5.3-codex and gpt-5.4-nano.

What Maps to What#

Every row comes from the official deprecations page, last re-checked October 18, 2026:

The pattern through December: everything funnels into the GPT-5.6 family - gpt-5.6-sol for frontier work, gpt-5.6-terra for mid-tier, gpt-5.6-luna for cheap and fast. The 2027 waves point at the GPT-6 family instead (gpt-6-sol, gpt-6-luna). The mapping is a starting point, not a verdict - o4-mini to gpt-5.6-terra is like-for-like, but gpt-4-0613 to gpt-5.6-sol jumps roughly three model generations and your prompts will behave differently.

Some retirements already happened before this wave: codex-mini-latest on February 12, 2026, chatgpt-4o-latest on February 17, the GPT-4o audio and realtime previews on May 7, DALL-E 2 and 3 on May 12. Check older code paths for these first.

The API Diffs That Bite#

The Assistants API has about four weeks left#

The biggest non-model deadline: the Assistants API, deprecated August 26, 2025, shuts down August 26, 2026, replaced by the Responses and Conversations APIs. Model swaps are one-line changes; this is an architecture change - threads, runs, and tool orchestration all move. Our Responses API migration walkthrough covers the mapping. Do it before the model swap so the eval suite only runs once. This is the tightest deadline in this guide.

Aliases retire, snapshots persist#

The lesson of this wave: -chat-latest aliases retire on their own schedule regardless of the underlying model's status. Pin dated snapshots in production and keep aliases in dev only. Your inventory grep should look for both forms.

Reasoning models fold into one family#

o1, o1-pro, o3-mini, o4-mini, and both deep-research models all disappear by October 23, and the original o3 snapshots follow on December 11. The o-series had distinct latency and deliberation behavior that teams tuned prompts around. When those prompts move to GPT-5.6, treat them as unverified - recommended replacement does not mean behavioral equivalent.

The platform tooling is churning too#

On June 3, 2026, OpenAI deprecated its hosted Evals platform, Agent Builder, and the Reusable Prompts API, all shutting down November 30, 2026 (evals go read-only October 31). If your plan was to run comparisons in OpenAI's hosted evals UI, that tool is itself on a deprecation clock. Keep the eval harness in your own repo, pointed at whatever provider you like.

Eval Before You Switch: A Five-Day Plan#

A model swap without evals is a production incident with extra steps. The plan fits in one week:

Day 1 - Inventory. Grep for every model string: gpt-4, gpt-4o, gpt-3.5, o1, o3, o4, codex, -chat-latest. Check the usage dashboard for models called from code you forgot - old Lambdas and cron jobs are where retired models hide. Tag each call site with its shutdown date.

Day 2 - Build the golden set. Pull 50 to 200 real production requests per call site, with outputs you considered good. Skew toward edge cases and past failures. Capture latency and token counts as your baseline.

Day 3 - Run side by side. Replay the golden set against the recommended replacement and at least one alternative (leaving o4-mini, test both gpt-5.6-terra and gpt-5.6-luna). Score with whatever fits: exact match for structured output, a judge model for prose, your test suite for code.

Day 4 - Re-run the cost math. Token counts change across model generations, and cached-input pricing changes the equation for repeated system prompts. Compute real cost per request from the Day 3 runs, not sticker prices.

Day 5 - Staged cutover. Put the model name in config, not code. Ship behind a flag at 10 percent of traffic, compare error rates and output quality, then ramp. Keep the old model in the fallback path until its shutdown date - that is what the deprecation window is for.

The Cost Table#

Replacement-target pricing from the official pricing page, accessed July 31, 2026, per million tokens:

Long-context rates apply above the 272K threshold: gpt-5.6-sol rises to $10/$45, gpt-5.6-terra to $4/$18, gpt-5.6-luna to $0.40/$1.80. Batch processing is a flat 50 percent discount across the family. The retired models no longer appear on the pricing page at all - one more reason to capture per-request cost on Day 2 while the old model still runs.

Two routing notes. First, gpt-5.6-terra at $2/$12 is 60 percent cheaper on input than gpt-5.6-sol - if your gpt-4o workload never pushed capability limits, evaluate the cheaper target first, and gpt-5.6-luna at $0.20/$1.20 is the value pick OpenAI has never offered before. Second, cached input at one tenth of the base rate rewards putting static system prompts and tool definitions first in every request. The cross-provider picture is in our frontier model API pricing roundup; the GPT-5.6 family developer guide covers what changes at the API surface.

Azure Runs on a Different Clock#

If you consume these models through Microsoft Foundry (formerly Azure OpenAI), the dates above do not apply to you. Azure publishes its own model lifecycle and retirement policy: GA models get an 18-month lifecycle, new-customer access ends at 12 months, and retired models return 410 Gone.

The sharpest difference is auto-upgrades. Azure can upgrade Standard deployments at retirement: per the retirement schedule as of October 18, 2026, gpt-4o 2024-05-13 retires December 9, 2026 with gpt-5.6-sol as its replacement, and gpt-4o 2024-08-06 and 2024-11-20 retire April 14, 2027 with gpt-5.1 as the replacement. A silent three-generation jump is not something you want to learn about from a customer ticket. Set versionUpgradeOption deliberately: NoAutoUpgrade means the deployment stops at retirement, which is at least a loud failure. Provisioned deployments are never auto-upgraded. Fine-tuned models get their own schedule - gpt-4o fine-tune deployments survive on Azure until October 1, 2027.

When to Jump Providers Entirely#

A forced migration is the cheapest moment to re-evaluate the platform decision - you are paying the eval and cutover cost anyway. Testing a third provider on Day 3 costs one more column in the results spreadsheet.

Alternatives at the tiers people are leaving, per official pricing pages accessed August 31, 2026 (input/output per MTok):

Anthropic's pricing is structurally similar to OpenAI's - 0.1x cache reads, 50 percent batch discount - and Claude Opus 5 undercuts gpt-5.6-sol on output at the same input price, which makes the cross-provider bake-off on Day 3 genuinely worth the extra column. DeepSeek's V4 pricing is the aggressive option; its API speaks both OpenAI and Anthropic wire formats, making it cheap to include in a bake-off - see the deepseek-chat to V4 migration guide.

The honest caveat: switching providers does not get you off the deprecation treadmill. DeepSeek retired its legacy deepseek-chat and deepseek-reasoner model names on July 24, 2026 - if you had not migrated, that is now a live incident, not a deadline. Anthropic lists Opus 4.1, Opus 4, and Sonnet 4 as deprecated right now. Every provider runs this cycle; the variables are notice and mapping quality.

When to Stay Put#

Jumping providers is the wrong call more often than the pricing tables suggest. Stay if any of these hold:

• You are on a GPT-5.2 to 5.5 base model with no listed date. As of October 18, 2026, OpenAI lists no shutdown for them (but gpt-5.1, gpt-5.3-codex and gpt-5.4-nano shut down April 1, 2027). Doing nothing is a valid plan until a date appears.
• Your eval gap is small and your integration surface is large. Structured outputs, tool calling, caching semantics, and SDK behavior all differ across providers. A 2 percent quality difference does not pay for re-testing all of that.
• Your shutdown date is October 23 or later. A measured one-week eval in September beats a rushed cutover in July.
• You depend on provider-specific features - deep Codex integration, the Realtime API, completed compliance reviews. Re-procurement costs are real even when token prices are lower elsewhere.

The October wave is large but the process is the same at any scale: inventory, golden set, side-by-side, cost math, staged cutover. Budget one week per major call site and these deadlines are comfortable, not scary.

FAQ#

Is GPT-5.4 being retired in 2026?#

Not gpt-5.4 itself. As of October 18, 2026, the deprecations page lists no shutdown for gpt-5.4, but gpt-5.4-nano shuts down April 1, 2027 (replacement gpt-6-luna), along with gpt-5.1 and gpt-5.3-codex (replacement gpt-6-sol). The 2026 retirements cover the original GPT-5 snapshots (December 11), -chat-latest aliases, Codex variants, the o-series, and GPT-4-generation models.

What replaces GPT-4o in the OpenAI API?#

OpenAI's recommendation for gpt-4o-2024-05-13 is gpt-5.6-sol, with a shutdown date of October 23, 2026. For gpt-4o-2024-08-06, gpt-4o-2024-11-20 and gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18, which shut down January 14, 2027, it recommends gpt-6-luna. If the workload was cost-sensitive rather than capability-bound, evaluate gpt-5.6-terra too - run both against a golden set first.

When does the Assistants API shut down?#

August 26, 2026, one year after its deprecation announcement. The replacements are the Responses and Conversations APIs. It is an architectural migration, not a model swap, so schedule it before model changes on the same code paths. This is the nearest deadline on the board.

Do Azure OpenAI retirement dates match OpenAI's dates?#

No. Microsoft Foundry runs an independent lifecycle. As of October 18, 2026, Foundry retires gpt-4o 2024-05-13 on December 9, 2026 (OpenAI: October 23, 2026) and gpt-4o 2024-08-06 and 2024-11-20 on April 14, 2027 (OpenAI: January 14, 2027), and can auto-upgrade Standard deployments at retirement unless versionUpgradeOption says otherwise.

Official Sources#

Continue Reading#

• DeepSeek 4.1 Flash as a Daily Coding Model - cache math, peak-hour windows and what the HN thread says about the cost claims
• GPT-5.6 Sol, Terra, and Luna: What Each Model Is For - the replacement family, explained
• DeepSeek Chat to V4 Migration Guide - the legacy-name migration that already shipped
• MiniMax M2.5 and M2.7 Retirement: How to Move to M3 Before November 18 - the MiniMax deadline, where pay-as-you-go requests fail after November 18
• Vertex AI Shutdowns This Week: Gemini 2.5 and 16 Open Models - the Google Cloud deadlines on October 20 and 21, with replacement ids and prices
• Azure OpenAI and Foundry Retirements in November 2026 - o1, o3 and o4-mini leave Azure on November 19, with Standard deployments auto-upgrading to GPT-5.6
• Frontier Model API Pricing: July 2026 - cross-provider pricing with same-day verification
• Migrating to Claude Fable 5 - the Anthropic path, including what changed when Opus 5 launched
• Moving From OpenAI Evals to Promptfoo - OpenAI's own suggested evals migration path
• OpenAI's Codex Mac Certificate Deadline Is a Runbook Test - another OpenAI deadline that tests your runbook
• Where to Access AI Models - official APIs, routers, and free tiers for the replacement models
• Claude vs ChatGPT - the head-to-head if the migration is a chance to switch providers
• Custom GPTs Retire Dec 11, 2026: How to Migrate to ChatGPT Plugins - what the migrate button moves and why custom Actions need an MCP rebuild